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Ayah
Word by Word
قَالَ
He said
رَبِّ
O my Lord!
إِنِّيٓ
Indeed I
أَعُوذُ
seek refuge
بِكَ
in You
أَنۡ
that
أَسۡـَٔلَكَ
I (should) ask You
مَا
what
لَيۡسَ
not
لِي
I have
بِهِۦ
of it
عِلۡمٞۖ
knowledge
وَإِلَّا
And unless
تَغۡفِرۡ
You forgive
لِي
me
وَتَرۡحَمۡنِيٓ
and You have mercy on me
أَكُن
I will be
مِّنَ
among
ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ
the losers
قَالَ
He said
رَبِّ
O my Lord!
إِنِّيٓ
Indeed I
أَعُوذُ
seek refuge
بِكَ
in You
أَنۡ
that
أَسۡـَٔلَكَ
I (should) ask You
مَا
what
لَيۡسَ
not
لِي
I have
بِهِۦ
of it
عِلۡمٞۖ
knowledge
وَإِلَّا
And unless
تَغۡفِرۡ
You forgive
لِي
me
وَتَرۡحَمۡنِيٓ
and You have mercy on me
أَكُن
I will be
مِّنَ
among
ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ
the losers
Translation
Noah said: "O my Lord! I do seek refuge with Thee, lest I ask Thee for that of which I have no knowledge. And unless thou forgive me and have Mercy on me, I should indeed be lost!"
Tafsir
He said, 'My Lord, I seek refuge in You, from [the sin], that I should ask of You that whereof I have no knowledge. Unless You forgive me, my excess, and have mercy on me I shall be among the losers'.
"
A Return to the Story of the Son of Nuh and mentioning what transpired between Nuh and Allah concerning Him
Allah tells:
وَنَادَى نُوحٌ رَّبَّهُ
And Nuh called upon his Lord,
This was a request for information and an inquiry from Nuh concerning the circumstances of his son's drowning.
فَقَالَ رَبِّ إِنَّ ابُنِي مِنۡ أَهۡلِي
and said, ""O my Lord! Verily, my son is of my family!""
This means, ""Verily, You promised to save my family and Your promise is the truth that does not fail. Therefore, how can he (my son) be drowned and You are the Most Just of the judges!""
وَإِنَّ وَعۡدَكَ الۡحَقُّ وَأَنتَ أَحۡكَمُ الۡحَاكِمِينَ
And certainly, Your promise is true, and You are the Most Just of the judges.""
قَالَ يَا نُوحُ إِنَّهُ لَيۡسَ مِنۡ أَهۡلِكَ
He (Allah) said:""O Nuh! Surely, he is not of your family...""
This means, ""He (your son) is not of those whom I promised to save. I only promised you that I would save those of your family who believe.""
For this reason Allah said,
وَأَهۡلَكَ إِلاَّ مَن سَبَقَ عَلَيۡهِ الۡقَوۡلُ مِنۡهُمۡ
and your family except him against whom the Word has already gone forth. (11:40)
إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيۡرُ صَالِحٍ
verily, his work is unrighteous,
فَلَ تَسۡأَلۡنِ مَا لَيۡسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلۡمٌ
إِنِّي أَعِظُكَ أَن تَكُونَ مِنَ الۡجَاهِلِينَ
so ask not of Me that of which you have no knowledge! I admonish you, lest you should be one of the ignorant.""
Thus, for his son, it had already been decreed that he would be drowned due to his disbelief and his opposition to his father, the Prophet of Allah, Nuh peace be upon him.
Concerning Allah's statement,
إِنَّهُ لَيۡسَ مِنۡ أَهۡلِكَ
(Surely, he is not of your family),
meaning that he (Nuh's son) was not among those whom Allah promised to save.
Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Ibn Abbas said,
""He was the son of Nuh, but he opposed him in deeds and intention.""
Ikrimah said in some of the modes of recitation it said here,
إِنَّهُ عَمَلَ عَمَلً
غَيۡرَ صَالِحٍ
""Verily, he (Nuh's son) worked deeds that were not righteous.""
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنۡ أَسۡأَلَكَ مَا لَيۡسَ لِي بِهِ عِلۡمٌ
وَإِلاَّ تَغۡفِرۡ لِي وَتَرۡحَمۡنِي أَكُن مِّنَ الۡخَاسِرِينَ
Nuh said:""O my Lord! I seek refuge with You from asking You that of which I have no knowledge. And unless You forgive me and have mercy on me, I would indeed be one of the losers."
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