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Ayah
Word by Word
قَالَ
He said
يَٰقَوۡمِ
O my people
أَرَءَيۡتُمۡ
Do you see
إِن
if
كُنتُ
I was
عَلَىٰ
on
بَيِّنَةٖ
(the) clear proof
مِّن
from
رَّبِّي
my Lord
وَءَاتَىٰنِي
while He has given me
رَحۡمَةٗ
mercy
مِّنۡ
from
عِندِهِۦ
Himself
فَعُمِّيَتۡ
but (it) has been obscured
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
from you
أَنُلۡزِمُكُمُوهَا
should We compel you (to accept) it
وَأَنتُمۡ
while you (are)
لَهَا
averse to it
كَٰرِهُونَ
averse to it
قَالَ
He said
يَٰقَوۡمِ
O my people
أَرَءَيۡتُمۡ
Do you see
إِن
if
كُنتُ
I was
عَلَىٰ
on
بَيِّنَةٖ
(the) clear proof
مِّن
from
رَّبِّي
my Lord
وَءَاتَىٰنِي
while He has given me
رَحۡمَةٗ
mercy
مِّنۡ
from
عِندِهِۦ
Himself
فَعُمِّيَتۡ
but (it) has been obscured
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
from you
أَنُلۡزِمُكُمُوهَا
should We compel you (to accept) it
وَأَنتُمۡ
while you (are)
لَهَا
averse to it
كَٰرِهُونَ
averse to it
Translation
He said: "O my people! See ye if (it be that) I have a Clear Sign from my Lord, and that He hath sent Mercy unto me from His own presence, but that the Mercy hath been obscured from your sight? shall we compel you to accept it when ye are averse to it?
Tafsir
He said, 'O my people, have you considered: - inform me - if I am [acting] upon a clear proof, a clear statement, from my Lord and He has given me mercy - prophethood - from Him, and it has been obscured, concealed, from you ('amiyat, 'obscured', a variant reading has the passive 'ummiyat), can we compel you to it, are we [able] to force you to accept it, while you are averse to it? We are not able to do that.
"The Response of Nuh
Allah says, informing about the response of Nuh to his people,
قَالَ يَا قَوۡمِ أَرَأَيۡتُمۡ إِن كُنتُ عَلَى بَيِّنَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّيَ وَاتَانِي رَحۡمَةً مِّنۡ عِندِهِ فَعُمِّيَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ
أَنُلۡزِمُكُمُوهَا وَأَنتُمۡ لَهَا كَارِهُونَ
He said:""O my people! Tell me, if I have a clear proof from my Lord, and a mercy (Prophethood) has come to me from Him, but that (mercy) has been obscured from your sight. Shall we compel you (to accept) it when you have a strong hatred for it!
Allah says, informing about the response of Nuh to his people,
أَرَأَيۡتُمۡ إِن كُنتُ عَلَى بَيِّنَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّيَ
Tell me, if I have a clear proof from my Lord,
Bayyinah means certainty, a clear matter, and truthful Prophethood. That is the greatest mercy from Allah upon him (Nuh) and them (his people).
فَعُمِّيَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ
(but that (mercy) has been obscured from your sight),
""Obscured from your sight"" in this verse means, `it was hidden from you and you are not guided to it. Thus, you (people) did not know its importance so you hastily rejected and denied it.'
أَنُلۡزِمُكُمُوهَا
(Shall we compel you (to accept) it),
This means, ""Should we force you to accept it, while you actually detest it.
Allah tells;
وَيَا قَوۡمِ لا أَسۡأَلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ مَالاً إِنۡ أَجۡرِيَ إِلاَّ عَلَى اللّهِ
And O my people! I ask of you no wealth for it, my reward is from none but Allah.
Nuh says to his people, ""I do not ask you for any wealth in return for my sincere advice to you.""
Wealth (Mal) here means, ""payment that I take from you.""
Nuh means, ""I am only seeking the reward from Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.""
Concerning the statement,
وَمَأ أَنَاۡ بِطَارِدِ الَّذِينَ امَنُواۡ
I am not going to drive away those who have believed.
This alludes to the fact that they (the disbelievers) requested Nuh to disassociate himself from the believers, because they were averse to them and felt themselves too important to sit with them.
This is similar to the request of disbelievers to the seal of the Messengers to disassociate himself from a group of the people who were considered weak in their social status. They wanted the Prophet to sit with them in a special gathering of the elite.
Therefore, Allah revealed,
وَلَا تَطۡرُدِ الَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ رَبَّهُمۡ بِالۡغَدَاةِ وَالۡعَشِىِّ
And turn not away those who invoke their Lord, morning and afternoon. (6:52)
Allah also says,
وَكَذلِكَ فَتَنَّا بَعۡضَهُمۡ بِبَعۡضٍ لِّيَقُولواۡ أَهَـوُلاءِ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِم مِّن بَيۡنِنَأ أَلَيۡسَ اللَّهُ بِأَعۡلَمَ بِالشَّـكِرِينَ
Thus We have tried some of them with others, that they might say:""Is it these (poor believers) whom Allah has favored from among us!"" Does not Allah know best those who are grateful! (6:53)
And Nuh says here,
إِنَّهُم مُّلَقُو رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَـكِنِّيَ أَرَاكُمۡ قَوۡمًا تَجۡهَلُونَ
وَيَا قَوۡمِ مَن يَنصُرُنِي مِنَ اللّهِ إِن طَرَدتُّهُمۡ
أَفَلَ تَذَكَّرُونَ
Surely, they are going to meet their Lord, but I see that you are a people that are ignorant.
And O my people! Who will help me against Allah, if I drove them away! Will you not then give a thought!
Allah tells what Nuh said to his people;
وَلَا أَقُولُ لَكُمۡ عِندِي خَزَايِنُ اللّهِ وَلَا أَعۡلَمُ الۡغَيۡبَ وَلَا أَقُولُ إِنِّي مَلَكٌ وَلَا أَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ تَزۡدَرِي أَعۡيُنُكُمۡ لَن يُوۡتِيَهُمُ اللّهُ خَيۡرًا اللّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا فِي أَنفُسِهِمۡ
إِنِّي إِذًا لَّمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ
And I do not say to you that with me are the treasures of Allah, nor that I know the Ghayb; nor do I say I am an angel, and I do not say of those whom your eyes look down upon that Allah will not bestow any good on them. Allah knows what is in their inner selves. In that case, I should, indeed be one of the wrongdoers.
Nuh is informing them that he is a Messenger from Allah, calling to the worship of Allah alone, without any partners and he is doing this by the permission of Allah.
At the same time, he is not asking them for any reward for this work. He invites whomever he meets, whether of nobility or low class. Therefore, whoever responds favorably, then he has achieved salvation.
He also explains that he has no power to manipulate the hidden treasures of Allah, nor does he have any knowledge of the Unseen, except what Allah has allowed him to know. Likewise, he is not an angel, rather, he is merely a human Messenger aided with miracles.
Nuh goes on to say, ""I do not say about these people whom you (disbelievers) detest and look down upon, that Allah will not reward them for their deeds. Allah knows best what is in their souls. If they are believers in their hearts, as their condition appears to be outwardly, then they will have a good reward. If anyone behaves evilly with them after they have believed, then he is a wrongdoer who speaks what he has no knowledge of."
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