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Ayah
Word by Word
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ
Those
ٱلَّذِينَ
(are) the ones who
خَسِرُوٓاْ
(have) lost
أَنفُسَهُمۡ
their souls
وَضَلَّ
and lost
عَنۡهُم
from them
مَّا
(is) what
كَانُواْ
they used
يَفۡتَرُونَ
(to) invent
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ
Those
ٱلَّذِينَ
(are) the ones who
خَسِرُوٓاْ
(have) lost
أَنفُسَهُمۡ
their souls
وَضَلَّ
and lost
عَنۡهُم
from them
مَّا
(is) what
كَانُواْ
they used
يَفۡتَرُونَ
(to) invent
Translation
They are the ones who have lost their own souls: and the (fancies) they invented have left them in the lurch!
Tafsir
Such are they who have lost their souls, for their journey's end shall be to the Hellfire, made everlasting for them; and that which they used to invent, [of lies] concerning God, in the way of claiming [that He has] a partner, has failed them, is absent [before them].
"Those Who invent Lies against Allah and hinder Others from His Path are the Greatest Losers
Allah, the Exalted says,
وَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّنِ افۡتَرَى عَلَى اللّهِ كَذِبًا أُوۡلَـيِكَ يُعۡرَضُونَ عَلَى رَبِّهِمۡ وَيَقُولُ الَاشۡهَادُ
And who does more wrong than he who invents a lie against Allah. Such will be brought before their Lord, and the witnesses will say,
Allah, the Exalted, explains the condition of those who lie against Him and that their scandal in the Hereafter will be presented before the heads of creation (for testimony) from the angels, Messengers, Prophets and the rest of mankind and Jinns.
This is just as Imam Ahmad recorded from Safwan bin Muhriz. Safwan said,
""I was holding the hand of Ibn Umar when a man was brought to him. The man said, `How did you hear the Messenger of Allah describe An-Najwa (secret counsel or confidential talk) on the Day of Resurrection?""
Ibn Umar said, `I heard him say,
إِنَّ اللهَ
عزَّ وَجَلَّ يُدۡنِي الۡمُوۡمِنَ فَيَضَعُ عَلَيۡهِ كَنَفَهُ وَيَسۡتُرُهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ
وَيُقَرِّرُهُ بِذُنُوبِهِ
وَيَقُولُ لَهُ أَتَعۡرِفُ ذَنۡبَ كَذَا
أَتَعۡرِفُ ذَنۡبَ كَذَا
أَتَعۡرِفُ ذَنۡبَ كَذَا
حَتَّى إِذَا قَرَّرَهُ بِذُنُوبِهِ وَرَأَى فِي نَفۡسِهِ أَنَّهُ قَدۡ هَلَكَ
قَالَ فَإِنِّي قَدۡ سَتَرۡتُهَا عَلَيۡكَ فِي الدُّنۡيَا وَإِنِّي أَغۡفِرُهَا لَكَ الۡيَوۡم
Verily, Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, will draw near the believer and He will place His shade over him. He will conceal him from the people and make him confess to his sins.
He will say to him, ""Do you recognize this sin?
Do you recognize that sin?
Do you recognize such and such sin?""
This will continue until He makes him confess to all of his sins and he (the believer) will think to himself that he is about to be destroyed.
Then Allah will say, ""Verily, I have concealed these sins for you in the worldly life and I have forgiven you for them today.""
Then he (the believer) will be given his Book of good deeds.
As for the disbelievers and the hypocrites, the witnesses will say,
هَـوُلاء الَّذِينَ كَذَبُواۡ عَلَى رَبِّهِمۡ
أَلَا لَعۡنَةُ اللّهِ عَلَى الظَّالِمِينَ
These are the ones who lied against their Lord! No doubt! The curse of Allah is on the wrongdoers.""
Both Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded this narration in the Two Sahihs.
Concerning Allah's statement
الَّذِينَ يَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَيَبۡغُونَهَا عِوَجًا
Those who hinder (others) from the path of Allah, and seek a crookedness therein,
This means that they prevent the people from following the truth and traversing upon the path of guidance that leads to Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. In doing so they also keep the people away from Paradise itself.
Allah's statement,
وَيَبۡغُونَهَا عِوَجًا
(and seek a crookedness therein),
This means that they want their path to be crooked and uneven.
Then, Allah's statement,
وَهُم بِالاخِرَةِ هُمۡ كَافِرُونَ
while they are disbelievers in the Hereafter.
This means that they deny the Hereafter and they reject the idea that any of its events will occur, or any of it exists at all.
Concerning Allah's statement
أُولَـيِكَ لَمۡ يَكُونُواۡ مُعۡجِزِينَ فِي الَارۡضِ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّن دُونِ اللّهِ مِنۡ أَوۡلِيَاء
By no means will they escape on earth, nor have they protectors besides Allah!
This means that these disbelievers are under the power of Allah and His force. They are in His grasp and are subject to His authority. He is Most Able to exact vengeance against them in this life before the coming of the Hereafter.
This is like Allah's statement,
إِنَّمَا يُوَخِّرُهُمۡ لِيَوۡمٍ تَشۡخَصُ فِيهِ الَابۡصَـرُ
but He gives them respite up to a Day when the eyes will stare in horror. (14:42)
In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that the Prophet said,
إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُمۡلِي لِلظَّالِمِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمۡ يُفۡلِتۡه
Verily Allah gives respite to the oppressor until He seizes him, then he will not be able to escape Him.
For this reason Allah says,
يُضَاعَفُ لَهُمُ الۡعَذَابُ
Their torment will be doubled!
This means that the torment will be doubled upon them, because Allah gave them hearing, vision and hearts, but these things did not benefit them. Rather, they were deaf from hearing the truth and blinded away from following it. This is just as Allah has mentioned concerning them when they enter into the Hellfire.
Allah says,
وَقَالُواۡ لَوۡ كُنَّا نَسۡمَعُ أَوۡ نَعۡقِلُ مَا كُنَّا فِى أَصۡحَـبِ السَّعِيرِ
And they will say:""Had we but listened or used our intelligence, we would not have been among the dwellers of the blazing Fire!"" (67:10)
Allah also says,
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواۡ وَصَدُّواۡ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ زِدۡنَـهُمۡ عَذَابًا فَوۡقَ الۡعَذَابِ
Those who disbelieved and hinder (men) from the path of Allah, for them We will add torment to the torment. (16:88)
مَا كَانُواۡ يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ السَّمۡعَ وَمَا كَانُواۡ يُبۡصِرُونَ
They could not bear to listen and they used not to see (the truth).
For this reason they will be punished for every command that they abandoned and every prohibition that they indulged in.
Then Allah continues by saying
أُوۡلَـيِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُواۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡ
They are those who have lost their own selves,
They lost themselves, meaning that they be made to enter a blazing Fire, where they will be punished, and its torment will not be lifted from them for even the blinking of an eye.
This is as Allah said,
كُلَّمَا خَبَتۡ زِدۡنَاهُمۡ سَعِيرًا
Whenever it abates, We shall increase for them the fierceness of the Fire. (17:97)
Concerning the statement,
وَضَلَّ عَنۡهُم
and eluded them,
meaning that it has left them.
مَّا كَانُواۡ يَفۡتَرُونَ
that which they invented.
besides Allah, such as rivals and idols. Yet, these things did not avail them in the slightest. In fact, these things actually caused them great harm.
This is as Allah says,
وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواۡ لَهُمۡ أَعۡدَاءً وَكَانُواۡ بِعِبَادَتِهِمۡ كَـفِرِينَ
And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping. (46:6)
Allah says,
إِذۡ تَبَرَّأَ الَّذِينَ اتُّبِعُواۡ مِنَ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُواۡ وَرَأَوُاۡ الۡعَذَابَ وَتَقَطَّعَتۡ بِهِمُ الاٌّسۡبَابُ
When those who were followed disown those who followed (them), and they see the torment, then all their relations will be cut off from them. (2:166)
Likewise, there are many other verses that prove this loss of theirs and their destruction.
For this reason Allah says,
لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّهُمۡ فِي الااخِرَةِ هُمُ الَاخۡسَرُونَ
Certainly, they are those who will be the greatest losers in the Hereafter.
In this verse Allah informs about the direction of their end. He explains that they are the greatest losers among mankind in their transaction for the abode of the Hereafter.
That is because they exchanged the highest levels (of Paradise) for the lowest levels (of Hell) and they substituted the pleasure of Gardens (of Paradise) for the fierce boiling water (of Hell).
They exchanged the drink of sealed nectar with the fierce hot wind, boiling water, and a shade of black smoke.
They chose food from the filth of dirty wounds instead of wide-eyed lovely maidens. They preferred Hawiyah (a pit in Hell) instead of lofty castles.
They chose the anger of Allah and His punishment over nearness to Him and the blessing of gazing at Him.
Therefore, it is no injustice that such people should be the greatest losers in the Hereafter."
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