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Ayah
Word by Word
وَيَعۡبُدُونَ
And they worship
مِن
from
دُونِ
other than
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
مَا
that (which)
لَا
(does) not
يَضُرُّهُمۡ
harm them
وَلَا
and not
يَنفَعُهُمۡ
benefit them
وَيَقُولُونَ
and they say
هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ
These
شُفَعَٰٓؤُنَا
(are) our intercessors
عِندَ
with
ٱللَّهِۚ
Allah
قُلۡ
Say
أَتُنَبِّـُٔونَ
Do you inform
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
بِمَا
of what
لَا
not
يَعۡلَمُ
he knows
فِي
in
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ
the heavens
وَلَا
and not
فِي
in
ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ
the earth
سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ
Glorified is He
وَتَعَٰلَىٰ
and Exalted
عَمَّا
above what
يُشۡرِكُونَ
they associate (with Him)
وَيَعۡبُدُونَ
And they worship
مِن
from
دُونِ
other than
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
مَا
that (which)
لَا
(does) not
يَضُرُّهُمۡ
harm them
وَلَا
and not
يَنفَعُهُمۡ
benefit them
وَيَقُولُونَ
and they say
هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ
These
شُفَعَٰٓؤُنَا
(are) our intercessors
عِندَ
with
ٱللَّهِۚ
Allah
قُلۡ
Say
أَتُنَبِّـُٔونَ
Do you inform
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
بِمَا
of what
لَا
not
يَعۡلَمُ
he knows
فِي
in
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ
the heavens
وَلَا
and not
فِي
in
ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ
the earth
سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ
Glorified is He
وَتَعَٰلَىٰ
and Exalted
عَمَّا
above what
يُشۡرِكُونَ
they associate (with Him)
Translation
They serve, besides Allah, things that hurt them not nor profit them, and they say: "These are our intercessors with Allah." Say: "Do ye indeed inform Allah of something He knows not, in the heavens or on earth?- Glory to Him! and far is He above the partners they ascribe (to Him)!"
Tafsir
And they worship, besides God, that is, other than Him, that which can neither hurt them, should they not worship it, nor profit them, if they do worship it - and these are the idols; and they say, of them: 'These are our intercessors with God'. Say, to them: 'Would you tell, would you inform, God of what He does not know in the skies or in the earth?' (the interrogative is meant as a disavowal), for if He had a partner, He [Himself] would know it, since nothing can be hidden from Him. Glory be to Him!, in [affirmation of] His transcendence, and High be He exalted above what they associate! with Him.
"What do the Idolators believe about Their Gods
Allah says;
وَيَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللّهِ مَا لَا يَضُرُّهُمۡ وَلَا يَنفَعُهُمۡ وَيَقُولُونَ هَـوُلاء شُفَعَاوُنَا عِندَ اللّهِ
And they worship besides Allah things that harm them not, nor profit them, and they say:""These are our intercessors with Allah.""
Allah reproaches the idolators that worshipped others beside Allah, thinking that those gods would intercede for them before Allah. Allah states that these gods do not harm or benefit. They don't have any authority over anything, nor do they own anything. These gods can never do what the idolators had claimed about them.
That is why Allah said:
قُلۡ أَتُنَبِّيُونَ اللّهَ بِمَا لَا يَعۡلَمُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلَا فِي الَارۡضِ
Say:`Do you inform Allah of that which He knows not in the heavens and on the earth!'
Ibn Jarir said:
""This means, `Are you telling Allah about what may not happen in the heavens and earth.'
Allah then announced that His Glorious Self is far above their Shirk and Kufr by saying:
سُبۡحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ
Glorified and Exalted is He above all that which they associate as partners (with Him)!
Shirk is New
Allah tells;
وَمَا كَانَ النَّاسُ إِلاَّ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَاخۡتَلَفُواۡ وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ فِيمَا فِيهِ يَخۡتَلِفُونَ
Mankind were but one community, then they differed (later); and had not it been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, it would have been settled between them regarding what they differed.
Allah then tells us that Shirk was new among mankind. It was not in existence in the beginning. He tells us that people were believers in one religion and that religion was Islam.
Ibn Abbas said:
""There were ten centuries between Adam and Nuh. They were all on Islam. Then differences among people took place. They worshipped idols and rivals. So Allah sent extensive evidence and irrefutable proof with His Messengers.""
لِّيَهۡلِكَ مَنۡ هَلَكَ عَن بَيِّنَةٍ وَيَحۡيَى مَنۡ حَىَّ عَن بَيِّنَةٍ
So that those who were to be destroyed (for rejecting the faith) might be destroyed after a clear evidence, and those who were to live might live after a clear evidence. (8:42)
Allah's statement:
وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ
And had not it been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord...
means that if Allah had not decreed He would not punish anyone until the evidence is established against them. And also that if He had not given creatures a respite until a defined term had passed, He would have judged among them in what they disputed. Then He would have caused the believers to be happy and delighted and the disbelievers to be miserable and wretched."
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