Ar-Ra'd: 40

Ayah

Word by Word

وَإِن

And whether

مَّا

(what)

نُرِيَنَّكَ

We show you

بَعۡضَ

a part

ٱلَّذِي

(of) what

نَعِدُهُمۡ

We have promised them

أَوۡ

نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ

We cause you to die

فَإِنَّمَا

so only

عَلَيۡكَ

on you

ٱلۡبَلَٰغُ

(is) the conveyance

وَعَلَيۡنَا

and on Us

ٱلۡحِسَابُ

(is) the reckoning

Translation

Whether We shall show thee (within thy life-time) part of what we promised them or take to ourselves thy soul (before it is all accomplished),- thy duty is to make (the Message) reach them: it is our part to call them to account.

Tafsir

"Punishment is by Allah, and the Messenger's Job is only to convey the Message

Allah said to His Messenger,

وَإِن مَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعۡضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمۡ

Whether We show you part of what We have promised them,

O Muhammad, part of the disgrace and humiliation We have promised your enemies in this life,

أَوۡ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ

or cause you to die, (before that),

فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيۡكَ الۡبَلَغُ

your duty is only to convey,

We have only sent you to convey to them Allah's Message, and by doing so, you will have fulfilled the mission that was ordained on you,

وَعَلَيۡنَا الۡحِسَابُ

and on Us is the reckoning,

their reckoning and recompense is on Us.'

Allah said in similar Ayat,

فَذَكِّرۡ إِنَّمَأ أَنتَ مُذَكِّرٌ

لَّسۡتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِمُسَيۡطِرٍ

إِلاَّ مَن تَوَلَّى وَكَفَرَ

فَيۡعَذِّبُهُ اللَّهُ الۡعَذَابَ الاٌّكۡبَرَ

إِنَّ إِلَيۡنَأ إِيَابَهُمۡ

ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا حِسَابَهُمۡ

So remind them - you are only one who reminds. You are not a dictator over them - Save the one who turns away and disbelieves. Then Allah will punish him with the greatest punishment. Verily, to Us will be their return, Then verily, for Us will be their reckoning. (88:21-26)

Allah said next

أَوَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاۡ أَنَّا نَأۡتِي الَارۡضَ نَنقُصُهَا مِنۡ أَطۡرَافِهَا

See they not that We gradually reduce the land from its outlying borders.

Ibn Abbas commented,

""See they not that We are granting land after land to Muhammad!""

Al-Hasan and Ad-Dahhak commented that;

this Ayah refers to Muslims gaining the upper hand over idolators, just as Allah said in another Ayah,

وَلَقَدۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مَا حَوۡلَكُمۡ مِّنَ الۡقُرَى

And indeed We have destroyed towns round about you. (46:27)

وَاللّهُ يَحۡكُمُ لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكۡمِهِ

وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ الۡحِسَابِ

And Allah judges, there is none to put back His judgement, and He is swift at reckoning."

Ar-Ra'd: 40

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